Bibliography: p. 801-876.

The American adaptation of the European heritage. A variety of peoples bequeath legacies to the new nation ; Colonial conditions modify the old world heritage ; The Christian heritage ; The transmission of polite learning and of scientific interests ; The rise of the Enlightenment -- The growth of Americanism. The revolutionary shift in emphasis ; The expanding Enlightenment ; The conservative reaction -- Patrician leadership. Patrician direction of thought ; Nationalism challenges cosmopolitanism and regionalism ; The West challenges patrician leadership -- Democratic upheaval. New currents of equalitarian thought and practice ; The advance of science and technology ; The popularization of knowledge ; New goals for democracy ; The rising tide of patriotism and nationalism -- Triumph of nationalism in social and political thought. Cultural regionalism in the old South ; The thrust of the Civil War into intellectual life ; The nature of the new nationalism ; Business and the life of the mind -- The assertion of individualism in a corporate age of applied science. The delimitation of supernaturalism ; Evolutionary thought in a utilitarian society ; Professionalization and popularization of learning ; Formulas of protest and reform ; The conservative defense -- Optimism encounters diversion, criticism, and contraction. America recrosses the oceans ; Prosperity, disillusionment, criticism ; Crisis and new searches ; American assertions in a world of upheaval.